The U.S. Congress Effective Functioning

The U.S. Congress Effective Functioning It is believed that the members of the United States Congress are supposed to represent the will of the American people. They can sometimes be regarded as those people through whom voters can express their views on social problems, economic development of the country, its national security, and many other issues.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The U.S. Congress Effective Functioning specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To a great extent, this assumption is quite justified because citizens are able to deny politicians access to power. Therefore, legislators are accountable to the American people. Nevertheless, one can argue that these policy-makers have to make compromises in the course of their work. Moreover, they can also be affected by lobbyists and interests groups. Therefore, they may not be able to promote the interests of people who elected them. These are the main issues that should be examined more closely. Fir st of all, one should know that the members of the U.S. Congress may not always reach an agreement regarding specific policies. Therefore, they have to discuss and sometimes change the provisions of certain laws or bills so that they could be accepted by the majority. They can partly accept the ideas of their opponents. It should be kept in mind that these legislators may represent different political or economic ideologies. As a result, these people have to make concessions to one another. This is one of the main aspects that can be identified because it is vital for describing decision-making in the United States Congress. Additionally, it should be taken into account that American citizens may various interests or priorities, and they cannot easily be reconciled. Thus, some compromises or concessions are inevitable. Apart from that, it is necessary to remember that lobbies and interest groups can play an important role in the political life of the United States. They can donate c apital to political parties as well as candidates. These lobbies can represent various industries or companies. Through lobbying these organizations can also promote their interests. This issue is also important for understanding the work of the U.S. Congress. Certainly, the activities of lobbies or interest groups are often criticized; nevertheless, the role has not decreased. Still, it is not reasonable to say that the members of the U.S. Congress are not accountable to American people. Such an assumption can hardly be called accurate. In this case, one should speak about such a mechanism as direct election through which citizens can express their disagreement with the policies of the Congress. They can simply refuse to vote for a politician who fails to meet the expectation of people. Therefore, voting can be viewed as a system of checks and balances that prevents these people from getting out of their commitments to American people. This point is also vital for understanding the interactions between citizens and legislators. One can argue that the efficiency and integrity of legislators depends on the activities of citizens and their willingness to monitor the work of politicians. This is the main condition for the effective functioning of the U.S. congress.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the whole, this discussion indicates that American politicians cannot always serve only the interests of voters. Their work can be distorted because legislators have to reach compromises and respond to the needs of particular interest groups. Nevertheless, legislators are also accountable to citizens who can evaluate the performance of policymakers through the process of voting. These are the main points that can be made.

Binomials in English - Definition and Examples

Binomials in English s Definition In language studies, a pair of words (for example, loud and clear) conventionally linked by a conjunction (usually and) or a preposition. Also called a binomial pair. When the word order is fixed, the binomial is said to be irreversible. (See Examples and Observations below.) A similar construction involving three nouns or adjectives (bell, book, and candle; calm, cool, and collected) is called a trinomial. Also, see: ChunkCollocationDoubletsIdiomReduplicative Etymology From the Latin, two names Examples and Observations Examples of binomials in English include aches and pains, all or nothing, back and forth, beck and call, bigger and better, bit by bit, black and blue, black and white, blood and guts, bread and butter, bubble and squeak, cease and desist, checks and balances, cloak and dagger, cops and robbers, corned beef and cabbage, cut and dried, dead or alive, death and destruction, dollar for dollar, dos and donts, fair and square, fast and loose, fire and brimstone, fish and chips, flesh and bones, goods and services, ham and eggs, hand to mouth, hands and knees, heads or tails, hearts and flowers, hem and haw, high and dry, high and low, high and mighty, huff and puff, hugs and kisses, kiss and make up, knife and fork, leaps and bounds, life and death, little by little, long and short, lost and found, loud and clear, make or break, milk and honey, needle and thread, nickel and dime, nip and tuck, now or never, null and void, nuts and bolts, old and gray, one to one, open and shut, part and p arcel, peace and quiet, pins and needles, pots and pans, rags to riches, rise and fall, rise and shine, rough and ready, safe and sound, saints and sinners, short but sweet, show and tell, side by side, slip and slide, soap and water, song and dance, sooner or later, spic and span, sticks and stones, strange but true, sugar and spice, thick and thin, time after time, tit for tat, tooth and nail, toss and turn, ups and downs, wash and wear, and win or lose. Reversible and Irreversible Binomials In the typical newspaper headline Cold and snow grip the nation it is proper to set off the segment cold and snow as a binomial, if one agrees so to label the sequence of two words pertaining to the same form-class, placed on an identical level of syntactic hierarchy, and ordinarily connected by some kind of lexical link. There is nothing unchangeable or formulaic about this particular binomial: Speakers are at liberty to invert the succession of its members (snow and cold . . .) and may with impunity replace either snow or cold by some semantically related word (say, wind or ice). However, in a binomial such as odds and ends the situation is different: The succession of its constituents has hardened to such an extent that an inversion of the two kernels*ends and oddswould be barely understandable to listeners caught by surprise. Odds and ends, then, represents the special case of an irreversible binomial.(Yakov Malkiel, Studies in Irreversible Binomials. Essays on Linguistic Themes. University of California Press, 1968) Synonymous and Echoic Binomials The third most frequent binomial in the DoD [Department of Defense] corpus is friends and allies, with 67 instances. Unlike the majority of binomials, it is reversible: allies and friends also occurs, with 47 occurrences.Both allies and friends refer to countries which accord with US policies; as such, the two coordinates of the binomial may incline us to categorize the binomial as synonymous (Gustafsson, 1975). Rhetorically speaking, friends and allies may have an intensifying function, similar to echoic binomials (where WORD1 is identical to WORD2), such as more and more and stronger and stronger.(Andrea Mayr, Language and Power: An Introduction to Institutional Discourse. Continuum, 2008)

Critiquing Historical Analysis of Classmate - Subject- Atomic Bomb Assignment

Critiquing Historical Analysis of Classmate - Subject- Atomic Bomb - Assignment Example The reviewer claims that the idea of the atomic bomb came to existence during WWII. This was after President Roosevelt suggested that it was only through it that the nation would achieve victory against its enemies (Truman, 2014). According to the reviewer, the atomic bomb incident is still controversial to date. This is evident by the large number of Non-western as well as European historians who are still trying to analyze the atomic bomb issue. Since this is a historiography, the reviewer starts of by defining the term. According to studies, the term historiography normally refers to the analyzing of the history behind the history of an event. The reviewer organized the work in a chronological order, hence making it easy to comprehend the entire topic. This is because after stating that she would analyze the work of four historians, in the following paragraphs, she talks of different authors in relation to their perceptions as far as the issue of the atomic bomb is concerned. First, the reviewer talks about Kayoko Yoshida’s article, From Atomic Fragments to Memories of the Trinity Bomb: A Bridge of Oral History over the Pacific. Kayoko, apart from exploring the meaning behind trans-media, he also analyses the transnational collaborations behind the atomic bomb (Yoshida, 2003). In a move to get firsthand information concerning the issue of the atomic bomb, apart from interviewing documentary makers, he also involves his students; this was in a move to get different perceptions on how the Japanese community viewed the atomic bomb issue. The reason as to why Kayako involves a number of sources in his analysis is due t o the perception that historians ought to have solid evidence in order to support their claims. In his article, apart from addressing a filmmaker whose objective is to relive the history, he also claims that many Japanese students in the current generation have no clue whatsoever on the reason behind the

System Development Life Cycles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

System Development Life Cycles - Essay Example The plan addresses the modification of the product towards betterment of needs of the customer along with the delivery of additional features and functional enhancements. The incremental process model like other evolutionary approaches is iterative in nature but unlike prototyping, the incremental model focuses on the delivery of an operational product with each increment. (Pressman) Early increments are stripped down versions of the final product. Advantages: Incremental model is useful in the case when staffing is unavailable for a complete implementation by the business deadline established for the project. Increments can be planned to manage technical risks. Limitation: The whole project depends upon the "core product", and if in any case it is halted or bugged the whole system comes down. RAD Model (Rapid Application Development) Rapid Application Development Model emphasizes a short development cycle with a "high-speed" adaptation of the model. (Pressman) RAD achieves rapid development by using a component based construction approach. RAD employs tools, techniques, and methodologies designed to speed application development. (Stair, 2001) RAD employs extensive use of JAD (Joint Application Development) process for data collection and requirement analysis. Like waterfall model, RAD adapts the same approach of the phases. RAD supports "parallel working" on different systems. Advantages: The main benefit of RAD upon other models is its capability to finish the task in an efficient manner followed by an efficient speed because of its "parallel working" system. Each major function can be assigned to a...(Pressman) Early increments are stripped down versions of the final product. As the prototype or demo system is further defined, feedback is elicited from users (Harbison, 1997) Thus, the domain models, reference requirements, and reference architecture are continually validated. The prototype or demonstration system development process provides further validation of these requirements and models, and identifies needed refinements. It can be problematic in the situation where the customer after viewing the prototype considers it to be the final version, satisfies and demands a few more changes without analyzing upon the back end development complications. Iterative model is the actual implementation of Waterfall model, due to which it is termed as "mini waterfall model". The reason behind is simple as it implements waterfall process in various phases or chunks. While comparing different SDLC models with the traditional model, one can easily judge the variations followed by enhancements from time to time. The waterfall model is the oldest one, similarly the prototype and RAD models are the extensions of waterfall model, and finally the user-end model, which is the latest, and is an augmentation of the RAD and prototype model. Many

Gulliver in Brobdingnag Essay Example for Free

Gulliver in Brobdingnag Essay The setting of the passage to be analyzed here is that of Gullivers voyage to a land of giants. The speakers context here is the basic comic devices of reversal and exaggeration. When the dimensions of things are reversed there is a comic effect. When clowns at the circus ride around in a tiny car the effect is hilarious. In a famous Gary Larsen cartoon a gigantic monster is seen peering into a mans car through the wing mirror which reads: Things reflected in this mirror may appear to be larger than they are. The comic context employed by the speaker in the following passage, then, is that of a man suddenly turned tiny by circumstances beyond his control. There are, of course, classical antecedents for this type of size reversal. Odysseus in the cave of Cyclops would provide the best example. There are, no doubt, many who would argue that this incident in the Odyssey is not meant as humor. May we not at least wonder, however, if some of Homers audiences didnt chuckle when they heard about how the subtle Odysseus outwitted the giant? It will be argued in the following that Swifts intention throughout Part II as a whole is comic irony, and that the passage to be analyzed typifies the situation in which Gulliver finds himself when surrounded by giants. Starting off, a simple exaggeration introduces the passage: The Kings palace is about seven miles round suggesting the colossal size of the castle, the rooms within are two hundred and forty Foot high. Gulliver who is, as we have learned earlier, a proud and dignified man is reduced by his comparatively tiny dimensions to the role of a doll. All of his proud bearing and gentlemanly dignity disappears in a puff of smoke when his Mistress Glumdalclitch holds Gulliver up in her hand to give him a better view of the surroundings. Swifts choice of words at the beginning of this passage also provides an ironic effect. Gulliver who is, in fact, a freak in this society reports that when Glumdalclitch is taken out to see the town, I was always of the party, carried in my Box To be of the party suggests social (and physical) equality, but when Swift follows this dignified phrase with the description in my box the effect is humorous, since Gulliver is revealed as the curiosity and freak that he is by the fact that he travels in a box like a doll. Swifts imagery in this passage allowed allows the reader to see other human-like creature from the perspective of a very tiny person. It also demonstrates to the reader once again that Swift loves to engage in the humor of the disgusting and the impolite. When a group of Brobdingnagian beggars presses up against the carriage to view the strange little creature that is our speaker, Gulliver is able to observes the cancer on the breast of a beggar woman full of holes, in two or three of which I could have easily crept and body lice and their snouts with which they rooted like Swine. There is a misogynist quality to this joke. The breast of a woman is presented as disgusting rather than as an inspiration to art and poetry. The idea of crawling into a cancerous lesion on a womans breast is an ugly parody of what men usually think about when they see the naked female breast which is to adore, kiss, or suck it. This type of humor is based on a simple reversal of the usual emotions inspired by an image. The equivalent would be, for example, to provide an image of the Queen of England sitting on a chamber pot rather than her throne. The imagery in the rest of this passage is also unforgettable, especially the wooden legs of a beggar which were each about twenty Foot high. Immediately following these alarming and disgusting images is another liars trick based on the category of emphasis. This is offered in Gullivers careful description of his Box. Before analyzing this part of the passage in detail a general comment on Swifts project in Gullivers Travels is required. The speaker mentions many times throughout the tale the phenomenon of travelers tails or books of voyages. These were supposedly factual accounts of what travelers from Europe had seen on the other side of the world. They were, of course, full of lies and Swifts project throughout much of the book is to satirize the lying authors of these books. One well known liars trick is to emphasize the details of some fictional object. This is what Gulliver does with the description of his Box. Its origin is carefully described: the Queen ordered a smaller one to be made for me Its design and dimensions are carefully recorded: This traveling Closet was an exact Square with a Window in the Middle of three of the Squares , etc. The important detail of the boxs construction which will eventually allow for Gullivers salvation by sailors is also carefully noted: On the fourth side, which had no windows, two strong staples were fixed , and so on. There is a dual purpose to what we might call the liars emphasis lavished on this passage. The first is to satirize the books of travelers tales so popular in Swifts days in which exact descriptions of fantastic creatures were given to fool the credulous. The second is to prepare the reader for Gullivers eventual escape. This happens in his traveling box which is then conveniently destroyed by the sailors who rescue him so that no substantial evidence of his adventure remains, and the gullible can easily believe the whole story of Gulliver among the Brobdingnags. The comic irony is an effective device in satirizing human folly. The absurdity in the relationship between these two elements is essentially targeted at England (Gulliver), the Wigs, specifically, whereby Swift is attacking his opposition. In the spirit of Swifts famous word play about his good Master Bates, we can rename his fable Gullibles Travels.

The Life of Infants and Children in Victorian London :: European Europe History

The Life of Infants and Children in Victorian London Home Life    Victorian homes offered children a large network of various caregivers built in to the family structure. Each married couple had an average of six children, but the average household was considerably larger. Rarely would one find the nuclear family living alone. Only thirty-six per cent of families consisted simply of a set of parents and their children. Extended families were also rare. Only 10 per cent of families had three or more generations under one roof. The average household would more likely be a conglomeration of a nuclear family along with any number of random outsiders. The stragglers could include any combination of lodgers, distant relatives, apprentices and/or servants. The composition of the home constantly changed: older children married or went off to work, while babies were born and died. Babies and young children were extremely susceptible to illness. In the worst and poorest districts, two out of ten babies died in the first year. One fourth of them would die by age five. Life expectancy varied greatly depending upon the quality of the area in which people lived. In industrial towns, like Liverpool, the average life expectancy was twenty-six years. In a better area, like Okehampton in Devon, it was fifty-seven years. The national average of England and Wales was forty years at mid century. Therefore as a child grew older, he was likely to lose one or more siblings as well as one or both parents. Children usually enjoyed the benefit of their mothers’ presence on a daily basis. The mother’s place was considered to be in the home. Common thought dictated that a woman should be available at all times to care for her husband and children. She would supervise the staff, servants and/or nannies, if her family could afford them. The idea of a working mother was considered highly improper and thought to result in neglect of husband, children and home. Supposedly, illness or even death might arise in the children. An absent wife would also find an unhappy and strained relationship with her husband. Reporting on Birmingham, in Chadwick’s 1842 Report on Sanitary Conditions, The Committee of Physicians and Surgeons declares that: The habit of a manufacturing life being once established in a woman, she continues it and leaves her home and children to the care of a neighbor, or of a hired child, whose services cost her probably as much as she obtains by her labor.

Minority Report (Important Idea)

In the film â€Å"Minority report† important ideas are demonstrated to the audience. The director of this film â€Å"Steven Spielberg† uses the technique of symbolism to support the interesting idea of freewill vs. destiny. In minority report, the idea freewill vs. destiny is portrayed through the protagonist ‘Chief John Anderton’, a confident leader of the â€Å"Pre-Crime† organisation. One of the main issues the film raises is whether the future is set or whether free will can alter the future. We don’t choose the things we believe in, they choose us. † Steven reflects the major idea of freewill vs. destiny by Anderton’s approach towards his prey Leo Crow. However there is also the added question of whether the pre-cogs are correct. Perhaps from Anderton’s point of view, he wasn’t going to kill Leo Crow, but being set by a clever and knowledgeable criminal (Lamar Burgess) who wants Anderton out of his way. The film indicates that Anderton’s knowledge of the future may actually be the factor that causes Leo crow’s death. The pre-cog Agatha also states that since Anderton knows his future, he can change it. This is describes as the main paradox regarding free will vs. destiny in the film. Is it possible that the act of accusing someone of a murder could begin a chain of events that leads to the ‘muuuuurrr-ddeerrr’? In Anderton's situation, he runs because he is accused. The only reason he ends up in circumstances where he might be forced to kill is because he is a hunted man. If Anderton wasn’t accused there would be no question of him committing a criminal act. The prediction drives the act – a self-fulfilling prophecy. He was displace in a circle, unsure of which way to turn. â€Å"Sometimes in order to seek the light, you have to risk the dark. † This idea of free will vs. destiny is worth learning about because it does not only apply to John Anderton in the film, an idea similar to this applies to lots of citizens around the world who believe in such a thing like destiny†¦

Lifes as a House Outline Essay

Erikson’s Psychosocial theory – How has the person matured? Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs – Where is he/she on the hierarchy? Albert Ellis’ REBT – What irrational beliefs does the character display? Stress Management – What techniques are used to manage stress? Freud’s Defense Mechanisms – Identify any defense mechanisms being applied to the character’s life. Communication strategies – Does the character use I messages, understanding, probing, etc. Family systems – rules of healthy and unhealthy families – how are they applied here? Addiction – Do you see any addictive qualities? Love and Relationships – How is love expressed? What would you say about the character’s relationships with others? What strategies did the character use? What does the movie illustrate about the importance of family across the generations? What does the move illustrate about healthy and unhealthy family systems? How can this film illustrate the phenomenological/humanistic principle that life has more meaning because it must end? discuss certain themes, concepts and issues and relate them to our studies in psychology. Pick a character in the movie and tell how this particular person learned (for better or worse) new behaviors and/or cognition. Use their experiences, both past and present and their relationships (family, personal, friends) with other people, to convey what made them learn and/or change. Discussion should include topics such as: Developmental stages of life, Conditioning, Motivation, Emotions, Personality, Psychological Disorders He was Goth and suicidal†¦ he was reckless with drugs and sex. He tried to hang himself in the closet. He was disrespectful to his family. But it’s hard to pinpoint what exact disorder he had. I would simply say depression. Possibly bipolar because there were times when he was okay in the movie and then he would go into a rage of reckless behavior. Psychological focus areas: mid-age and adolescent re-invention in response to grief / loss; parenting adolescents; facing death and working out what kind of a legacy to leave Sam goes through new changes in behavior. When the movie begun Sam was a rebellious young teen with negative feelings toward his father. Throughout the plot of the movie Sam goes through experiences with his father as they spend time together over the summer, which brings them closer together and allows them to have a better relationship. Sam’s acting out and unwanted actions were results of his parents divorce and not having a healthy relationship with his father. In Psychology, the basic concept of Nature vs. Nurture is said to Influence Development. Nature, according to Laura A. King (2010), includes â€Å"the individual’s biological inheritance, especially his or her genes† (p. 64). Nurture involves a persons environment and experiences. In her book King (2010) also states â€Å"early experiences are important contributors to development† (p. 266). In the movie you could easily understand the nurture side of Sam’s behavior. Knowing and hearing about what kind of people Sam hangs out with we can kind of understand why he dresses a certain way and why he partakes in certain activities, such as drugs. The people he hangs out with leads us back again to the divorce. Sam chooses to hang out with others like him who fell pain inside. His behaviors are a cry for help. In the movie Sam says â€Å"I like how it feels not to feel†. He does drugs to forget his problems and not feel pain. The emotions that young kids and teens go through when parents get a divorce usually include depression, anger, sadness, and the feeling that maybe they could have done something to have made the situation better. While some children and teens choose to hide their feelings, Sam didn’t. He acted out with disrespect and constant anger.

St. Johns College Annapolis Admission Data

St. Johns College Annapolis Admission Data St. Johns College in Annapolis, with test-optional admissions, does not require students to submit scores from the SAT or the ACT. The school has holistic admissions, meaning that it looks at various aspects of an applicants application, not just grades and scores, but essays, academic history, extracurricular activities, etc. Students will need to submit high school transcripts, letters of recommendation, and a personal essay. With an acceptance rate of 53  percent, St. Johns admits the majority of those who apply. For more information about applying, including full requirements and important deadlines, be sure to visit the schools website, or contact the admissions office. Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) St. Johns College Annapolis Acceptance Rate: 53  percentSt. Johns College is Test-OptionalTest Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 610 / 730SAT Math: 570 / 710What these SAT numbers meanACT Composite: 27 / 33ACT English: 30 / 34ACT Math: 25  / 31What these ACT numbers meanTop Maryland colleges SAT comparisonTop Maryland colleges ACT comparison St. Johns College Annapolis Description Founded in 1696 and chartered in 1784, St. Johns College in Annapolis has a rich and distinct history. Despite what the colleges name might suggest, St. Johns has no religious affiliation. The colleges 36-acre campus sits along the water in the center of historic Annapolis, Maryland. The  United States Naval Academy  abuts the campus. St. Johns College is not for everyone. All students have the same curriculum  and all graduate with a Bachelor of Arts in the liberal arts and sciences. The heart of a St. Johns education is reading and discussion focused on mathematics, languages, science and music. All students will graduate with an in-depth understanding of important works of Western civilization. The college has an impressive 8 to 1 student/faculty ratio. Seminars average about 20 students and are taught by two faculty members, and tutorials and labs have 12 to 16 students. Grades are not emphasized at St. Johns, and while students will read many books, they will never use a textbook. The great majority of St. Johns graduates go on to law school, medical school, or graduate school. Students at the Annapolis campus have the opportunity to study at a second campus in Santa Fe, New Mexico. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 484  (434 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 55 percent male / 45 percent female100 percent full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $50,353Books: $750Room and Board: $11,888Other Expenses: $750Total Cost: $63,621 St. Johns College Annapolis Financial Aid (2015 -16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 100  percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 99 percentLoans: 64  percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $29,502Loans: $6,052 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Liberal Arts and Sciences (all students at St. Johns College have the same curriculum) What major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Graduation and Retention Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 82  percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 70  percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 76  percent Intercollegiate Athletics Programs Mens Sports:  RowingWomens Sports:  Rowing If You Like St. Johns College, You May Also Like These Schools: Reed College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBrown University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphNew York University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphGoucher College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphPrinceton University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphYale University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSwarthmore College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphWells College: Profile  Amherst College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphJohns Hopkins University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphVanderbilt University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

English-Learning Podcasts for Teachers and Students

English-Learning Podcasts for Teachers and Students Podcasting provides a means of publishing audio programs via the Internet. Users can automatically download podcasts (usually mp3 files) onto their computers and transfer these recordings automatically to portable music players such as Apples extremely popular iPods. Users can then listen to the files anytime and anywhere they choose. Podcasting is especially interesting for English learners as it provides a means for students to get access to authentic listening sources about almost any subject they may interest them. Teachers can take advantage of podcasts as a basis for listening comprehension exercises, as a means of generating conversation based on students reaction to podcasts, and as a way of providing each and every student diverse listening materials. Students will obviously find the ability to listen to these podcasts useful especially due to its portability. Another extremely useful aspect of podcasting is its subscription model. In this model, users subscribe to a feed using a program. The most popular of these programs, and possibly most useful, is iTunes. While iTunes is not by any means solely dedicated to podcasts, it does provide an easy means to subscribe to free podcasts. Another popular program is available at iPodder, which focuses solely on subscribing to podcasts. Podcasting for English Learners and Teachers While podcasting is relatively new, there are already a number of promising podcasts dedicated to English learning. Here is a selection of the best I could find: English Feed English Feed is a new podcast I have created. The podcast focuses on important grammar and vocabulary subjects while providing great listening practice. You can sign up for the podcast in iTunes, iPodder, or any other podcatching software. If you arent sure of what podcasting is ( a listening practice that you can receive automatically), you might want to take a look at this short introduction to podcasting. The Word Nerds This podcast is very professional, delivers excellent information about relevant topics and is a lot of fun. Created for native speakers of English who enjoy learning about the ins-and-outs of the language, The Word Nerds podcast is also excellent for advanced level English learners - especially those who are interested in idiomatic English. English Teacher John Show Podcast John focuses on understandable English speaking in an extremely clear voice (some might find the perfect pronunciation unnatural) provides useful English lesson - ideal for intermediate level learners. ESLPod One of the more mature - if you can say that anything is mature at this point - podcasts dedicated to ESL learning. The podcasts include advanced vocabulary and subjects which will prove especially useful for English for Academic Purposes classes. Pronunciation is very slow and clear, if rather unnatural. Flo-Joe Also, a commercial site for teachers and students preparing for Cambridge First Certificate in English (FCE), Certificate in Advanced English (CAE) and Certificate of Proficiency in English (CPE). Advanced level English podcasting with a decidedly British accent - both in terms of pronunciation and themes about British life.

The Fields case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Fields - Case Study Example La Petite Boulangerie (LPB) has 119 store outlets that specialize in selling croissants, breads, and other baked products (Ostrofsky and Cash 9). In 1987, Mrs. Field Cookies acquired the LPB as part of its diversification strategy. Assuming that LPB is a traditional organization in terms of giving more independence to individual stores and managers, this report will carefully examine factors that made the company experience net losses in 1988. As part of going through the main discussion, direct impact of Mrs. Field Cookies’ existing organizational vision, structure, culture, management style, overall business systems will be criticize based on the available academic theories. Right after acquiring LPB, Field’s initial action was to immediately reduce the subsidiary’s administrative staff from 53 down to 3 personnel (i.e. senior manager, operations, and R&D) (Ostrofsky and Cash 9). The main purpose of laying-off LPB’s existing employees was to absorb a list of overhead functions into Mrs. Field Cookies’ existing organization (i.e. accounting, finance, personnel, human resources, training and development). Instead of taking advantage of LPB’s existing employees, Fields were interested only in combining LPB’s existing products with Mrs. Field products aside from using LPB’s existing real estate (Ostrofsky and Cash 10). Considering the size of LPB, Mr. Field thought that owning LPB will help them create investment barrier to market competition. Since Mrs. Field Cookies were able to establish a strong brand in the market, Mr. Field thought that whatever product they add up to the company would easily sell (Ostrofsky and Cash 7, 10). Without taking into consideration of the current economic condition, Mr. Field thought that having a demographically driven growth is the key to their business success. Due to unsuccessful financing experiences in the past, Mr. and Mrs. Fields decided

The Foundation of Orthodoxy and the Canon Research Paper - 1

The Foundation of Orthodoxy and the Canon - Research Paper Example Bauer, one of the most remarkable scholars of early Christianity, refutes the view that Jewish tendency in the formation of Christian canon was limited to the activities of Ebionites. He turns attention to the Syrian Jewish communities and the writings like Kerigmata Petrou and Didascalia that interpret Jesus as a â€Å"true prophet† and rely on the Peter’s Gospel while dismissing Paul’s views2. Jewish writings in general tended to favor Matthew and disregard Paul, as Paul was one of the most active proponents on the independence of Christian doctrine from the Old Testament code of conduct (the diet, circumcision, and a holiday once a week prescribed by it)3. Matthew’s Gospel openly demands the acceptance of Jewish Law; that is why it was largely supported by different early Jewish Christian movements4. The most influential of the latter were Ebionites (one of the possible etymological explanations of this name is its connection with the ideal of humble, p oor living), the supporters of the â€Å"adoptionist† doctrine: to them, Jesus was a human being â€Å"adopted† by God, an ideal sacrifice after which other sacrificial rituals were not needed any more5. From this followed that Ebionites excluded the first chapters of Gospels that told the story of Christ’s birth to Virgin and that they did not consume meat6. Their doctrine in oral form was based on Matthew’s Gospel in Aramaic; later, the Gospel of Ebionites in Greek appeared for the generation unfamiliar with Aramaic7. The first attempt of the canonization of writing about Christ was actually made by a heretic who opposed the Jewish doctrine, the one named Marcion. His rationale was to challenge the view of God in the Old Testament and to comment the New Testament as the rejection of the older doctrine, â€Å"a Gospel of Love to the exclusion of Law†8. Like many Orthodox theologians of the time, he accepted the Gospel according to Luke and the epi stles by Paul with slight changes and modifications by Marcion himself; some of his changes remained in the later Pauline and Lukan texts9. The first time Marcion declared his ideas was 144 CE, on the Christian Congregation in Rome10. Marcion rejected the entire Old Testament and the epistles of all apostles but Paul; he saw Jesus Christ as the son of Supreme God of love and grace, not punishment and justice, and claimed that this son only looked like a human being, so that the first chapters of Luke were viewed as misleading about His coming to the human world (not embodiment)11. He also deleted some parts of the text of the Gospel and epistles (like Gal.iii. i6 – iv.6 and 2 Thess. i. 6-8) on the ground that they supported the older Jewish tradition of Law12. Marcion produced his own polemic text and, as some of the Christian historians have proved, the introductory paragraphs to some of the epistles in Vulgata13. Marcion’s vision was very attractive because of the em phasis on mercy; it was very popular among Gentiles who were not native Jews14. Ehrman speculates about the possible prospects of Christianity influenced by either Marcionism